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Remember, do not try anything you are about to see at home.

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We're not going to have to start drinking in the middle of the day again, are we?

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Luckily, no. This is not a myth about getting drunk. It's a myth about what happens after you've already gotten drunk and gotten yourself into a bar fight.

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And the myth is that getting hit with an empty bottle is worse for you than getting hit with a bottle that's full. Allow me to demonstrate.

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No silver screen bar fight scene is complete without one. However, unlike the movies, in real life, a bottle bash is extremely dangerous.

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How dangerous? Well, award-winning forensic scientists list skull fractures, concussions and scalp lacerations among the possible injuries.

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They also conclude that an empty bottle smash will do more damage. But is this really possible? Could a lighter, empty bottle really harm you more than a heavier, full one?

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So how do you want to test this one?

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Fake bottle, don't do this at home.

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00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:49,000
Seriously, how are you thinking we should test this?

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Exactly like that, but with real bottles.

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Except with head protection.

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We'll have a closer look at what kind of forces are involved.

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Okay.

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So, let the bar fight come in.

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Even though after a few beers it might seem like a good idea to hit somebody over the head with a beer bottle, it's probably not.

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Nevertheless, we feel inclined to get up close and personal on our testing, and that's where this comes in.

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This is a football helmet outfitted with a specially designed array of accelerometers that will register any movement of our skull and help us determine whether a full versus an empty beer bottle is more harmful.

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Plus, it's a nice excuse for me to hit Adam over the head with a bottle, which I regularly want to do.

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You ready?

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You know, before I put this on and take some hits to the head, let's put this on a non-human analog just to make sure it's safe, see what kind of forces are involved.

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Okay.

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It's ready.

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I'm ready.

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We're ready.

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Okay, safety systems check.

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Wow.

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That's not what happens in the movies.

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Now, it seems like these are a lot harder to break than we thought.

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And I think that's because of a couple of vain reasons.

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What's the matter, old man? Been too long since your last bar fight?

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One is, in the movies, you're always seeing people smack each other over the head with bottles, and the bottles break really easily.

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Well, those are fake bottles.

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It's the movies.

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And number two, who among us hasn't dropped in broken bottles?

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They seem quite fragile.

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But the fact is they're not.

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They're actually built to ship.

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They're built to last.

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And when you look at shots like this, this, and this, it's pretty clear.

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These things are tougher than they look.

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Adam, however, is as tough as he looks.

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Ow, ow, ow.

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Not very.

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So when our expert crunches the numbers...

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That was about 107 Gs.

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The experiment takes a safer turn.

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And about 100 Gs is the average concussion that we see in the field.

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I don't think I'm going to be wearing that helmet today.

50
00:04:01,000 --> 00:04:02,000
I don't blame you.

51
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Clearly getting hit by one of these, even if you're wearing one of these, is a really nasty experience.

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So nasty, in fact, that we have decided we're not going to do any testing on human subjects today.

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Out goes the human, and off comes the helmet.

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The helmet, doing what it was designed to do, was flexing on impact, absorbing energy, and making it difficult to break the bottle.

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Q our hard-headed head stuntman with his crown of data collecting accelerometers.

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Well, there you go.

57
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Did you get a reading?

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Yeah, it's about 54 Gs.

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Awesome.

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Awesome.

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But one data point does not a sample make.

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So in a frenzy of beer and broken glass...

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33.

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Hardman Heinemann smashes away.

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11 Gs.

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Until he's satisfied with a sample set of 7.

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34.

68
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Which yields an average of 28 Gs.

69
00:05:05,000 --> 00:05:06,000
Awesome.

70
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Let's continue with an empty bottle.

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Remember, the myth is that an empty bottle, when smashed, is more damaging than the full.

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Are you peeing?

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No.

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Okay.

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It's the comparison that's the key.

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Okay, here we go.

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Empty beer bottle.

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And as the numbers come in, it's clear that comparison does not favor the myth.

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13 Gs.

80
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So it's about 11 Gs.

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Less G force to the head from the empties appears to indicate they do less damage than the full ones.

82
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But Adam's got an issue with the experimental design.

83
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In general, the data seems to support the idea that it's not looking very good for the myth.

84
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But we're seeing huge variances in the G-load on this guy, depending on how hard Jamie swings, which is very hard to control.

85
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Clearly moving forward, we're going to need to remove the variance of the human arm and go with a mechanical solution to solving this problem.

86
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Alright, Carrie, what do these things have in common?

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Okay, cream or cheese, leather, chicken, duct tape and a stale pipe.

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Saturday night at Adam Savage's house?

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Very close.

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No.

91
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Saturday night at Jamie Heineman's house?

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No, cannons.

93
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Okay, get everything but the leather.

94
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Well, that's the next myth.

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We are going to try to build a cannon out of nothing but leather.

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Okay, really?

97
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Absolutely.

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In the 17th century, King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden came up with the idea.

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It was a copper core with iron bands reinforcing it, massive soap fabric, and finally the entire thing was wrapped in leather.

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That's not a leather cannon, that's a cannon covered in leather.

101
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But wait, there's more.

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Later that century, at the Siege of Balinalli Castle, Irish troops actually built a cannon using nothing but leather.

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It was about five feet long and about five inches thick.

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Leather cannon, I like it.

105
00:07:06,000 --> 00:07:11,000
The mythbusters and cannons have a long and explosive history.

106
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I think we killed Captain Kirk.

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There was a cheese firing cannon, a cannon made from duct tape, and not to mention the famous cannon that fired chicken.

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So who better to get to the bottom of this mystery of history?

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Did the Swedes and Irish really make a viable and effective cannon from cow skin?

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So my leather man, what's the plan?

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Well, we definitely need to build both versions, Swedish and Irish.

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But before we do that, I think we need a benchmark.

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What do you mean?

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Well, we've built proof of concept cannons before, like the duct tape cannon.

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But those weren't weapons of war.

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We need something that can compete on the battlefield.

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So we need to compare it to a cast iron period cannon.

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Exactly.

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We'll find out how much black powder they use and how fast the projectiles come out.

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Yeah, and on those specs, we'll be able to judge how well our two cannons are doing.

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I like it.

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So first up, it's down to the bomb range to get the low down on period accurate hardware from period accurate experts.

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She is a beaut.

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Nice cannon.

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Yeah, you like her. This is Bonnie Blue.

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The Confederates tended to name their cannon.

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Yeah, we have a tendency to do that too.

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Let's get her off the truck and fire it up.

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You know it's go time when Grant's got his game face on.

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It's go time!

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So, we're going to fire this off, check the muzzle velocity and use that as a yard stick against the ones that we want to build.

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Look at that, perfect.

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If this doesn't stop the cannonball, I don't know what will.

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How about a stack of Union soldiers?

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Meanwhile, Grant is getting set up to measure what old Bonnie Blue can do.

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As you know, on our show, we love to use the high speed camera because it gives us all these juicy, gorgeous shots of things that happen in a blink of an eye.

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But today, it's going to be a scientific tool.

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Come on, let me show you.

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So we've aimed the high speed camera at this scale, which is set up next to the cannon.

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It has one foot increments.

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Given a known frame rate, we can count how many frames it takes for a cannonball to cross one of the increments.

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That would give us the cannonball's speed, which will form the benchmark for how well our Swedish and Irish cannons perform.

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Okay, let's talk black powder.

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Firing off the cheese cannon, maybe this much black powder.

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Ducktape cannon, maybe this much.

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Vent.

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And when we blew off Buster's leg, maybe that much.

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Vent.

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Vent.

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This is six ounces of black powder.

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That is what we'll be firing in our paired gun.

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Gun is loaded.

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Alright, muzzle velocity test, on your go.

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Three, two, one.

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Fire!

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Good shot!

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That thing's split it.

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Look at that!

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Bullseye!

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It is. Nice shot.

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So the whole point of today's experiment is not to find out whether that cannon fired.

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We know it does.

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Oh, there it is.

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Seven frames and a foot, that equals...

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The point is to find out how fast a real cannon could fire a cannonball the same size that the Swedish and Irish leather cannons were supposed to have fired.

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Okay, I believe we have 389 miles per hour.

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And we have that answer.

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389 miles per hour.

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So that's the benchmark.

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If the team can get their mythical leather cannon to fire that fast, there could be some fact to this historical fable.

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Next on Mythbusters.

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Adam packs up Porky Punch.

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So where do we stand with the bottle bash?

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Well, sadly we weren't able to bash each other over the heads with bottles.

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We had to settle for this guy.

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And what did he have to tell us?

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Yes, that the full bottle somehow imparted more force than the empty bottle.

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Which contradicts the myth.

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Right, which is that somehow the empty bottle is worse for you.

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And given that I can't precisely control exactly how hard I hit, it's impossible to know whether it's the bottle or my hit that is causing a result.

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So what we need then is some kind of mechanical bottle bashing rig and a setup that helps us compare the injuries.

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It's like a bar fight robot.

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Okay, well you get started on that and I'll go talk to the neuro guy and see what kind of injuries we're looking for on heads.

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Okay.

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So while Adam builds a rig to bash brains with rigorous regularity,

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Jamie talks to a bashed brain expert.

187
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So what exactly happens in a concussion?

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A concussion is when you transfer a force external through the skull to the brain.

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Think of the skull as a box and you've got the brain inside that has the consistency of Jello.

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This is your brain.

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I'm about to turn it into a Jello mold.

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Here we go.

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There we go.

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One gelatin brain mold.

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When a concussion occurs and force is delivered to the skull itself, the skull moves relative to the brain.

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The brain stays in one place and the skull moves against it.

197
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That can bruise the brain that's hitting the skull and it can actually damage the brain opposite that.

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Oh, what am I doing?

199
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I'm making gelatin brains.

200
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What are you doing?

201
00:12:51,000 --> 00:12:53,000
It's all a function of force, Jamie.

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00:12:53,000 --> 00:13:01,000
It's how much energy is transmitted to the skull and to the brain that determines how severe the concussion is or how much injury there is to the brain.

203
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There we go.

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That's what I'm thinking.

205
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It sounds like the bottom line is that whatever kind of blow moves the head more violently is what's going to cause more of a concussion.

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Absolutely.

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The whole purpose of this rig is to precisely and at the same speed every time swing a beer bottle into our model head to see if we get a concussion or how bad a concussion we get.

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So first, the arm is held in tension by this spring.

209
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The vice grip here holds onto the beer until it swings into the head.

210
00:13:31,000 --> 00:13:35,000
So we release the pin, the arm swings around all the way to the head.

211
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Here's the head on the neck weighing roughly about the same as a human head.

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Hold on.

213
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Let me add the piece through his stones.

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A nice gelatin brain.

215
00:13:45,000 --> 00:13:47,000
Now we'll watch this on high speed.

216
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We'll see the brain bounce around.

217
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And if we can see a difference in how much the head moves and the brain bounces around, we might be able to tell something about the kind of concussion you'll get when someone breaks a bottle over your head.

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Carrie Grant and Tori are delving deep into ballistics history to uncover the mystery of two cannons made in a tannery.

219
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We're trying to replicate two historical cannons, both referred to as leather cannons.

220
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The first one is the Swedish cannon.

221
00:14:20,000 --> 00:14:26,000
It's got a copper core tube that's wrapped in some iron bands and some other stuff and basically has a leather veneer.

222
00:14:26,000 --> 00:14:28,000
The second cannon is the Irish cannon.

223
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This is from the early 1700s.

224
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Now this one is a more authentic leather cannon, if you ask me.

225
00:14:33,000 --> 00:14:36,000
This one's entirely made out of leather.

226
00:14:36,000 --> 00:14:39,000
At least for the legs, is that what I'm looking at?

227
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Makes sense to me.

228
00:14:41,000 --> 00:14:42,000
You gotta bring something into battle?

229
00:14:42,000 --> 00:14:46,000
Are you gonna carry a big steel cannon or a nice lightweight leather cannon?

230
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You might see leather here, I see a cannon.

231
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Much more fashionable as well.

232
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With the hide soak to make it more malleable, it's time to focus on the first of the builds.

233
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Guess which one it is?

234
00:14:59,000 --> 00:15:03,000
The new dance is called Directing Traffic.

235
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So here's how you build an authentic 17th century all leather Irish cannon.

236
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Paint on the glue.

237
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Insert a one inch thick plug at the back end.

238
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Roll the hide around a steel fork.

239
00:15:18,000 --> 00:15:25,000
Hopefully this is gonna be strong enough to withstand exploding black powder.

240
00:15:25,000 --> 00:15:30,000
Lemonate enough layers to ensure a one inch thick barrel with a five inch diameter.

241
00:15:30,000 --> 00:15:35,000
Is it just me or does our badass cannon look more like a hot dog?

242
00:15:35,000 --> 00:15:37,000
Tie it off and wait for it to dry.

243
00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:40,000
It's not the prettiest thing, but I think it'll work.

244
00:15:40,000 --> 00:15:43,000
That's what they said when they hired me.

245
00:15:44,000 --> 00:15:49,000
Now in the 1600s in Europe, everybody had pretty much the same design for cannons.

246
00:15:49,000 --> 00:15:51,000
Giant cast iron.

247
00:15:51,000 --> 00:15:55,000
Unfortunately, these cannons were incredibly heavy and cumbersome,

248
00:15:55,000 --> 00:16:00,000
and it took several men and several horses just to move them into position.

249
00:16:00,000 --> 00:16:04,000
Long came the King of Sweden, King Gustavus Adolphus II,

250
00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:06,000
who had a brand new idea for an army.

251
00:16:06,000 --> 00:16:09,000
An army that was incredibly mobile that could deploy quickly.

252
00:16:09,000 --> 00:16:16,000
He threw out this idea of a cannon and came up with something that was lighter and more portable.

253
00:16:17,000 --> 00:16:20,000
Now in truth, there wasn't much leather in a Swedish leather cannon.

254
00:16:20,000 --> 00:16:24,000
In fact, it had a thin walled copper tube for its barrel.

255
00:16:24,000 --> 00:16:29,000
Its basic sawed off leather cannon with a brass plug on the end.

256
00:16:30,000 --> 00:16:34,000
That was covered with several layers of canvas soaked in mastic.

257
00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:37,000
What the heck is mastic? Well, it's a type of resin.

258
00:16:37,000 --> 00:16:42,000
Now we don't have mastic, but what we do have is a two-part epoxy resin.

259
00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:45,000
On top of that, we're four iron bands to reinforce it.

260
00:16:45,000 --> 00:16:47,000
Then more canvas and mastic.

261
00:16:47,000 --> 00:16:50,000
Then paint another layer. That way it gets embedded.

262
00:16:50,000 --> 00:16:52,000
When it hardens, it's going to be very strong.

263
00:16:52,000 --> 00:16:55,000
And finally, on the top was leather.

264
00:16:55,000 --> 00:16:58,000
Now it was called a leather cannon, but in fact it was a hybrid.

265
00:16:58,000 --> 00:17:00,000
It had a metal barrel.

266
00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:03,000
The important thing is that it was lightweight and mobile.

267
00:17:04,000 --> 00:17:05,000
Mobile, you say?

268
00:17:05,000 --> 00:17:08,000
Well, with these wheels, they can roll on down to the bomb range.

269
00:17:08,000 --> 00:17:09,000
Charge!

270
00:17:10,000 --> 00:17:15,000
Where we'll find out whether these mythical cannons built to spec could have really worked.

271
00:17:16,000 --> 00:17:21,000
After the break, Jellohead is left dazed, confused and lobotomized.

272
00:17:21,000 --> 00:17:23,000
It's a delicious memory.

273
00:17:26,000 --> 00:17:31,000
It's a counter-intuitive conundrum.

274
00:17:31,000 --> 00:17:36,000
Forensic scientists tell us an empty beer bottle broken on your brain box

275
00:17:36,000 --> 00:17:40,000
will cause more damage than a heavier full one.

276
00:17:43,000 --> 00:17:49,000
Looking for answers, Jamie and Adam are lining up Jellohead for a comparative concussion test.

277
00:17:50,000 --> 00:17:54,000
Do I have a prediction about whether the full bottle or the empty bottle is going to be worse

278
00:17:54,000 --> 00:17:55,000
in terms of our concussion test?

279
00:17:55,000 --> 00:17:56,000
I do.

280
00:17:56,000 --> 00:17:57,000
I'm going to vote for the full bottle.

281
00:17:57,000 --> 00:18:00,000
And the reason is there's more mass in the full bottle.

282
00:18:00,000 --> 00:18:04,000
And I have to imagine the mass of the liquid behind the glass has to matter in the equation,

283
00:18:04,000 --> 00:18:06,000
especially when it comes to moving a head around.

284
00:18:06,000 --> 00:18:08,000
I think it's going to be the full one.

285
00:18:08,000 --> 00:18:09,000
Alright, I'm ready if you're ready.

286
00:18:09,000 --> 00:18:10,000
I'm ready.

287
00:18:10,000 --> 00:18:11,000
Okay, here we go.

288
00:18:11,000 --> 00:18:14,000
One full beer bottle concussion test.

289
00:18:14,000 --> 00:18:17,000
In three, two, one.

290
00:18:17,000 --> 00:18:18,000
Good.

291
00:18:23,000 --> 00:18:24,000
It looks great.

292
00:18:25,000 --> 00:18:26,000
Seems to work.

293
00:18:26,000 --> 00:18:28,000
Except it doesn't.

294
00:18:28,000 --> 00:18:30,000
I look at the high speed.

295
00:18:30,000 --> 00:18:31,000
Wow.

296
00:18:31,000 --> 00:18:34,000
Confirms the beer isn't clear.

297
00:18:34,000 --> 00:18:38,000
Problem is the beer is obstructing our ability to see the brain.

298
00:18:38,000 --> 00:18:40,000
Isn't that always the way?

299
00:18:42,000 --> 00:18:46,000
So the way to go is carbonated H2O.

300
00:18:46,000 --> 00:18:47,000
We're ready.

301
00:18:47,000 --> 00:18:48,000
Let's do it.

302
00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:50,000
Full beer bottle concussion test.

303
00:18:50,000 --> 00:18:53,000
Three, two, one.

304
00:18:57,000 --> 00:18:58,000
Didn't break.

305
00:18:58,000 --> 00:18:59,000
High speed.

306
00:18:59,000 --> 00:19:00,000
High speed.

307
00:19:04,000 --> 00:19:05,000
Wow.

308
00:19:05,000 --> 00:19:08,000
That's a lot of force.

309
00:19:08,000 --> 00:19:12,000
You see how the skull moves and then the brain's in one place.

310
00:19:12,000 --> 00:19:13,000
Yeah.

311
00:19:13,000 --> 00:19:16,000
The skull is on the left side of the skull, on the front side.

312
00:19:16,000 --> 00:19:19,000
And then look at that, the brain's going completely to the opposite.

313
00:19:19,000 --> 00:19:20,000
Oh, wow.

314
00:19:20,000 --> 00:19:22,000
Look at the waves inside the jello.

315
00:19:22,000 --> 00:19:25,000
That's what happens in real life.

316
00:19:27,000 --> 00:19:28,000
Good Lord.

317
00:19:28,000 --> 00:19:31,000
Never leave the house without a helmet, huh?

318
00:19:31,000 --> 00:19:32,000
No kidding.

319
00:19:33,000 --> 00:19:37,000
The full bottle hit clearly falls into the not good category.

320
00:19:37,000 --> 00:19:38,000
Another waste of beer.

321
00:19:38,000 --> 00:19:41,000
Cue the empty bottle comparison.

322
00:19:41,000 --> 00:19:43,000
Nowhere kittens are crying.

323
00:19:45,000 --> 00:19:47,000
What do you think's going to happen, buddy?

324
00:19:52,000 --> 00:19:53,000
Really?

325
00:19:55,000 --> 00:19:57,000
No, I never saw it that way before.

326
00:19:59,000 --> 00:20:00,000
Okay.

327
00:20:00,000 --> 00:20:01,000
You ready for the empty bottle?

328
00:20:01,000 --> 00:20:02,000
Ready.

329
00:20:03,000 --> 00:20:05,000
Is this the point we make the joke about?

330
00:20:05,000 --> 00:20:07,000
I'd rather have a bottle in front of me than a frontal lobotomy.

331
00:20:07,000 --> 00:20:08,000
That works.

332
00:20:08,000 --> 00:20:09,000
All right.

333
00:20:09,000 --> 00:20:11,000
Empty bottle concussion test.

334
00:20:11,000 --> 00:20:13,000
Three, two, one.

335
00:20:17,000 --> 00:20:19,000
I don't even need to see the high speed.

336
00:20:19,000 --> 00:20:22,000
I can tell by looking at the guy's face that he's messed up.

337
00:20:22,000 --> 00:20:28,000
Sure, he's not a pretty sight, but he's actually a lot better off than he was after the last test.

338
00:20:28,000 --> 00:20:33,000
The lateral movement of the skull is significantly reduced with the empty bottle.

339
00:20:33,000 --> 00:20:37,000
Boy, there's nowhere near the amount of head movement relative to brain.

340
00:20:37,000 --> 00:20:41,000
So it is moving around, but not near as much as it was with the full bottle.

341
00:20:41,000 --> 00:20:42,000
Yeah.

342
00:20:42,000 --> 00:20:45,000
Yeah, delivering less force with the empty bottle.

343
00:20:45,000 --> 00:20:46,000
No question.

344
00:20:46,000 --> 00:20:47,000
Awesome.

345
00:20:47,000 --> 00:20:49,000
That's like a result.

346
00:20:49,000 --> 00:20:51,000
Let's put the two up next to each other on the screen.

347
00:20:51,000 --> 00:20:52,000
Just like that.

348
00:20:52,000 --> 00:20:53,000
Okay, now play.

349
00:20:54,000 --> 00:20:55,000
Look at that.

350
00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:56,000
It couldn't be clearer.

351
00:20:56,000 --> 00:20:59,000
The full bottle is far worse.

352
00:20:59,000 --> 00:21:03,000
That's another headache for this forensic science-inspired myth.

353
00:21:03,000 --> 00:21:11,000
So far, Adam and Jamie have yet to see a sign that an empty bottle, when smashed, can cause more damage.

354
00:21:11,000 --> 00:21:13,000
But they're not done yet.

355
00:21:13,000 --> 00:21:19,000
The additional mass in a full bottle does seem to impart more energy to a target skull when it's broken over it.

356
00:21:19,000 --> 00:21:21,000
And that could lead to a concussion.

357
00:21:21,000 --> 00:21:24,000
But we're talking about head injury here.

358
00:21:24,000 --> 00:21:26,000
And so that could also be skull fractures.

359
00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:28,000
It could be skin lacerations.

360
00:21:28,000 --> 00:21:31,000
So we're going to have a close look at those two.

361
00:21:31,000 --> 00:21:36,000
Buddy, remember that time I built the machine to swing bottles of beer at your head?

362
00:21:39,000 --> 00:21:40,000
No, you don't.

363
00:21:41,000 --> 00:21:43,000
It's a delicious memory.

364
00:21:44,000 --> 00:21:49,000
Coming up on Mythbusters, can you really build a leather cannon that works?

365
00:21:55,000 --> 00:21:56,000
Alright, so here's where we're at.

366
00:21:56,000 --> 00:21:59,000
So far, we've tested out the Parrot Rifle.

367
00:22:01,000 --> 00:22:03,000
Which is an all-metal barrel cannon.

368
00:22:07,000 --> 00:22:09,000
We found out how fast that can fire a cannonball.

369
00:22:09,000 --> 00:22:12,000
389 miles per hour.

370
00:22:12,000 --> 00:22:13,000
Wow.

371
00:22:13,000 --> 00:22:21,000
Now what we're going to do is test out the Swedish leather cannon, in which most of the metal of the barrel has been replaced by other materials to make it lighter.

372
00:22:21,000 --> 00:22:23,000
Woohoo! Let's go to battle!

373
00:22:23,000 --> 00:22:29,000
Then we'll move on to the Irish leather cannon, in which it's all leather. No metal whatsoever.

374
00:22:29,000 --> 00:22:32,000
That's the one problem with putting water in the barrels. It's a little messy.

375
00:22:32,000 --> 00:22:34,000
Then we could do some mud wrestling later.

376
00:22:36,000 --> 00:22:37,000
On a pie.

377
00:22:39,000 --> 00:22:50,000
So, using the muzzle velocity of the Parrot Rifle as a benchmark, the team are about to find out whether the mythical leather cannons were the real deal or a hide-hooks.

378
00:22:50,000 --> 00:22:52,000
It's the Swedish mud dance.

379
00:22:52,000 --> 00:22:54,000
Lipsen, da hend, do i shen.

380
00:22:54,000 --> 00:23:00,000
And with the remote control ignition in place, the boys bring in the boom-making black powder.

381
00:23:00,000 --> 00:23:07,000
Alright folks, what I have here is six ounces of black powder. This is what we're going to be using to propel our cannonball.

382
00:23:07,000 --> 00:23:12,000
Now when we fired the Parrot Gun, it was traveling at 389 miles per hour. That is fast.

383
00:23:12,000 --> 00:23:17,000
The same amount of energy it would be like hitting a baseball going 1200 miles per hour.

384
00:23:17,000 --> 00:23:20,000
Folks, this is something you do not want to play with.

385
00:23:20,000 --> 00:23:22,000
However, we're about to know.

386
00:23:22,000 --> 00:23:26,000
Alright, who ordered the Super Burrito with extra gun powder?

387
00:23:26,000 --> 00:23:27,000
Gimme that.

388
00:23:27,000 --> 00:23:33,000
So with a firm grip on the explosive potential involved and all of the technical jargon.

389
00:23:33,000 --> 00:23:34,000
Okay, where's the pokey stick?

390
00:23:34,000 --> 00:23:36,000
The team lock and load.

391
00:23:36,000 --> 00:23:37,000
Venting.

392
00:23:39,000 --> 00:23:40,000
Alright, loaded.

393
00:23:40,000 --> 00:23:42,000
It's pretty hard to predict what's going to happen here.

394
00:23:42,000 --> 00:23:44,000
Okay, I can feel that in the powder.

395
00:23:44,000 --> 00:23:47,000
I think that we might have a pipe bomb.

396
00:23:47,000 --> 00:23:51,000
This is very exciting. We have our Swedish cannon built and we are about to test it.

397
00:23:51,000 --> 00:23:55,000
Now we made it as period accurate as we possibly could.

398
00:23:55,000 --> 00:23:57,000
Looking through all the books and history on how they built it.

399
00:23:57,000 --> 00:24:00,000
Now it's time to test whether or not this is going to work.

400
00:24:00,000 --> 00:24:01,000
We think about that aim.

401
00:24:01,000 --> 00:24:03,000
I think it looks pretty good.

402
00:24:03,000 --> 00:24:04,000
Is it going to fire the cannonball?

403
00:24:04,000 --> 00:24:06,000
I don't know. If it does work, how cool is that?

404
00:24:06,000 --> 00:24:10,000
If it doesn't, it just explodes. That's pretty cool too.

405
00:24:10,000 --> 00:24:11,000
Okay, I'm going to go hunt.

406
00:24:11,000 --> 00:24:12,000
You ready?

407
00:24:12,000 --> 00:24:13,000
I'm ready.

408
00:24:13,000 --> 00:24:15,000
Fire in the hole!

409
00:24:15,000 --> 00:24:20,000
This is Swedish cannon in three, two, one.

410
00:24:23,000 --> 00:24:24,000
Yeah!

411
00:24:24,000 --> 00:24:25,000
Yeah!

412
00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:26,000
Look at that.

413
00:24:26,000 --> 00:24:27,000
It worked?

414
00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:29,000
Or did it?

415
00:24:30,000 --> 00:24:34,000
Now we came out here, some of us thought that this was going to shoot off like a cannon.

416
00:24:34,000 --> 00:24:36,000
Some of us thought it might explode.

417
00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:37,000
Pretty much did both.

418
00:24:39,000 --> 00:24:40,000
Oh crap.

419
00:24:40,000 --> 00:24:46,000
Look at this. It just completely blew out the back end.

420
00:24:46,000 --> 00:24:50,000
Well, one shot wonder.

421
00:24:50,000 --> 00:24:55,000
We actually had the cannonball shoot out of one end while the in bits shot out the other.

422
00:24:56,000 --> 00:24:58,000
Yeah, it's not looking too good.

423
00:24:59,000 --> 00:25:03,000
But a quick assessment of the targets and the team are much more positive.

424
00:25:03,000 --> 00:25:05,000
Hey, it did the job.

425
00:25:05,000 --> 00:25:07,000
Come on, give it up for the Swedish cannon.

426
00:25:07,000 --> 00:25:10,000
It did make it through the sandbags, but it did make it through the second barrel.

427
00:25:11,000 --> 00:25:14,000
And once the numbers are crunched, it gets even more interesting.

428
00:25:14,000 --> 00:25:20,000
So we tested our Swedish cannon, the same size and weight cannonball, the same amount of black powder.

429
00:25:20,000 --> 00:25:24,000
Okay, so that's three frames at 2,000 frames per second, right?

430
00:25:24,000 --> 00:25:25,000
Mm-hmm.

431
00:25:25,000 --> 00:25:34,000
All right, that is crazy, but I am getting 667 feet per second, which is over 450 miles an hour.

432
00:25:34,000 --> 00:25:37,000
That's 50 miles an hour faster than our parrot gun.

433
00:25:37,000 --> 00:25:38,000
What?

434
00:25:38,000 --> 00:25:45,000
I've got to say, its performance was equal to, or a little bit better than the all-metal cannon.

435
00:25:45,000 --> 00:25:47,000
It had a muzzle velocity that was higher.

436
00:25:47,000 --> 00:25:51,000
Maybe it was a tighter pack, so that way it shot the ball faster. Who knows?

437
00:25:51,000 --> 00:25:54,000
We only missed the X-byte that much.

438
00:25:54,000 --> 00:26:01,000
Minor problem. We blew out the breach, but bear in mind, this was our first attempt to make this type of cannon.

439
00:26:01,000 --> 00:26:04,000
I'm sure the Swedish didn't get right the first time.

440
00:26:04,000 --> 00:26:10,000
So as far as a battlefield weapon, the Swedish cannon had superior maneuverability with very good accuracy.

441
00:26:10,000 --> 00:26:14,000
Unfortunately, longevity could be a problem.

442
00:26:14,000 --> 00:26:16,000
And as it turns out historically, it was.

443
00:26:16,000 --> 00:26:23,000
So in the context of the parrot rifle performance benchmark, the lightweight hybrid cannon matched up.

444
00:26:23,000 --> 00:26:27,000
Which just leaves the Irish questioned.

445
00:26:27,000 --> 00:26:29,000
Wheels came off. Good sign.

446
00:26:29,000 --> 00:26:31,000
I know what you're thinking.

447
00:26:31,000 --> 00:26:36,000
It looks like a giant hot dog on wheels, but it is in fact our Irish leather cannon.

448
00:26:36,000 --> 00:26:39,000
And we built it exactly the way our research said.

449
00:26:39,000 --> 00:26:42,000
One inch thick barrel, nothing but leather.

450
00:26:42,000 --> 00:26:43,000
I think it could work.

451
00:26:43,000 --> 00:26:44,000
It's only when you like it.

452
00:26:44,000 --> 00:26:45,000
Pretty good right there, yeah.

453
00:26:45,000 --> 00:26:51,000
Now it's time to load it up, fire it off, and see if it does in fact shoot like a cannon.

454
00:26:51,000 --> 00:26:52,000
This is going to be funny.

455
00:26:52,000 --> 00:26:54,000
So we've got six ounces of black powder.

456
00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:55,000
All right, ready to load?

457
00:26:55,000 --> 00:26:56,000
Black powder.

458
00:26:56,000 --> 00:26:58,000
A three pound cannonball.

459
00:26:58,000 --> 00:26:59,000
Oh, that's nice and tight.

460
00:26:59,000 --> 00:27:02,000
And a barrel that's one inch thick of leather.

461
00:27:02,000 --> 00:27:03,000
You add all that up.

462
00:27:03,000 --> 00:27:05,000
I think you're going to get boom.

463
00:27:05,000 --> 00:27:08,000
Two, one.

464
00:27:08,000 --> 00:27:10,000
Whoa.

465
00:27:10,000 --> 00:27:12,000
Whoa.

466
00:27:12,000 --> 00:27:14,000
Nice.

467
00:27:14,000 --> 00:27:17,000
Look what happened.

468
00:27:17,000 --> 00:27:19,000
Look what the cannonball is.

469
00:27:19,000 --> 00:27:21,000
It's like two feet.

470
00:27:21,000 --> 00:27:27,000
It was more dangerous to be behind this cannon than in front of the cannon.

471
00:27:27,000 --> 00:27:32,000
Yep, it's pretty clear the Irish cannon failed on all counts.

472
00:27:32,000 --> 00:27:40,000
The back end blew out, and even with modern glue, the barrel unraveled so the guys can't even try again.

473
00:27:40,000 --> 00:27:42,000
Technically this is a cannon.

474
00:27:42,000 --> 00:27:45,000
We managed to launch the ball out of the barrel.

475
00:27:45,000 --> 00:27:48,000
However, it only went four feet and we blew the back end out of it.

476
00:27:48,000 --> 00:27:50,000
So it's not a very effective cannon.

477
00:27:50,000 --> 00:27:54,000
And what we were looking for for this myth to be confirmed is very simple.

478
00:27:54,000 --> 00:27:55,000
Lethality.

479
00:27:55,000 --> 00:27:57,000
Say the Irish were fighting leprechauns.

480
00:27:57,000 --> 00:27:59,000
It might be lethal.

481
00:27:59,000 --> 00:28:01,000
Look at how far the cannonball went.

482
00:28:01,000 --> 00:28:11,000
We tested the Parrot Rifle and the Swedish Leather Cannon, and with the same size cannonball and same amount of gunpowder, they were able to launch the ball at 350 to 450 miles per hour.

483
00:28:11,000 --> 00:28:15,000
Now as far as the Irish Leather Cannon goes, I can't call that lethal.

484
00:28:15,000 --> 00:28:16,000
No.

485
00:28:16,000 --> 00:28:21,000
With the best available information built to those specifications, this one is busted.

486
00:28:21,000 --> 00:28:23,000
But that does not mean we're going to end here.

487
00:28:23,000 --> 00:28:28,000
We are going to see what it would take to build a working cannon out of nothing but leather.

488
00:28:28,000 --> 00:28:31,000
It might not be possible, but we're going to try.

489
00:28:31,000 --> 00:28:37,000
Coming up, Jamie brings Meathead to life before bashing his brain box with a beer bottle.

490
00:28:37,000 --> 00:28:42,000
What?

491
00:28:42,000 --> 00:28:53,000
Adam and Jamie have already seen that as far as concussions go, contrary to the myth, a full bottle smash is worse for you than an empty.

492
00:28:53,000 --> 00:29:00,000
The brain itself was displaced much more with a full bottle as compared to the empty bottle.

493
00:29:00,000 --> 00:29:03,000
But what about other types of head trauma?

494
00:29:03,000 --> 00:29:05,000
What about a skull fracture?

495
00:29:05,000 --> 00:29:07,000
To find out, Jamie...

496
00:29:07,000 --> 00:29:09,000
That's what I'm talking about.

497
00:29:09,000 --> 00:29:12,000
...is taking a piece of pig skull...

498
00:29:12,000 --> 00:29:15,000
Seven millimeters. Same thickness as a human skull.

499
00:29:15,000 --> 00:29:24,000
...to calibrate and manufacture a polyurethane plastic that fractures in exactly the same way as a human skull.

500
00:29:24,000 --> 00:29:29,000
Pulled from the pan while pliable, he forms it into shape before it hardens.

501
00:29:30,000 --> 00:29:34,000
We've got the base and we've got this insert that goes over this cavity.

502
00:29:34,000 --> 00:29:42,000
And when we hit it with a beer bottle like so, if we get a fracture, we know that we would have fractured a real skull.

503
00:29:42,000 --> 00:29:47,000
To get a realistic mass, Jamie adds a brain's weight of ground beef.

504
00:29:47,000 --> 00:29:49,000
That's it. Six pounds.

505
00:29:49,000 --> 00:29:53,000
Meanwhile, Adam has built a bar for the soon-to-breakout bar fight.

506
00:29:53,000 --> 00:29:55,000
Welcome to the Mythbusters bar.

507
00:29:55,000 --> 00:29:58,000
Can I interest you in an empty beer?

508
00:29:59,000 --> 00:30:05,000
Which means Meathead, with his inability to duck, is about to get a headache.

509
00:30:05,000 --> 00:30:09,000
Mr. Heineman says it's time to bash some heads in and chew some gum.

510
00:30:09,000 --> 00:30:12,000
And he's fresh out of gum. Take it away.

511
00:30:12,000 --> 00:30:18,000
Okay, skull fracture rig. And three, two, one.

512
00:30:21,000 --> 00:30:23,000
Oh, hell broke loose.

513
00:30:23,000 --> 00:30:31,000
We got broken bottles, we got broken head, meat spilling out all over the place.

514
00:30:31,000 --> 00:30:38,000
Adam's no doctor, but broken head and meat spilling out is a fairly accurate diagnosis.

515
00:30:38,000 --> 00:30:44,000
Oh, man, that is, it's clearly shattered the skull.

516
00:30:44,000 --> 00:30:46,000
Totally shattered the skull, the rig worked.

517
00:30:46,000 --> 00:30:48,000
Yep, Meathead did us proud, huh?

518
00:30:48,000 --> 00:30:51,000
All we need now is to try this with an empty bottle.

519
00:30:51,000 --> 00:30:52,000
Yep.

520
00:30:52,000 --> 00:30:54,000
More data.

521
00:30:54,000 --> 00:31:01,000
More data with a side of sampling and a comparative observation salad coming right up.

522
00:31:01,000 --> 00:31:04,000
Empty bottle of beer coming right up.

523
00:31:04,000 --> 00:31:08,000
Buddy, we're going to do this at least one more time, and if it's any consolation,

524
00:31:08,000 --> 00:31:11,000
it's going to hurt you a lot more than it's going to hurt me.

525
00:31:11,000 --> 00:31:13,000
When you're ready.

526
00:31:13,000 --> 00:31:15,000
Empty bottle into skull fracture rig.

527
00:31:15,000 --> 00:31:18,000
Three, two, one.

528
00:31:19,000 --> 00:31:21,000
That's what I'm talking about.

529
00:31:21,000 --> 00:31:22,000
One.

530
00:31:24,000 --> 00:31:26,000
Now you broke it.

531
00:31:26,000 --> 00:31:28,000
That's why we can't have nice things.

532
00:31:28,000 --> 00:31:30,000
No, it's fracture.

533
00:31:30,000 --> 00:31:32,000
No fracture on the skull.

534
00:31:32,000 --> 00:31:38,000
The whole purpose of this experiment is to figure out if it's worse to get a full bottle broken over your head

535
00:31:38,000 --> 00:31:40,000
or an empty bottle broken over your head.

536
00:31:40,000 --> 00:31:42,000
Personally, I want neither.

537
00:31:42,000 --> 00:31:47,000
But if I had to choose, especially when it comes to skull fractures like this test here,

538
00:31:47,000 --> 00:31:51,000
the full bottle delivers more damaging skull fracturing force in the empty bottle.

539
00:31:51,000 --> 00:32:00,000
But we're not done for upon close examination, Jamie and I know many lacerations in the skull of this meat head.

540
00:32:00,000 --> 00:32:07,000
And we wonder perhaps in the area of lacerations, an empty bottle might be worse than a full bottle.

541
00:32:07,000 --> 00:32:08,000
We don't know.

542
00:32:08,000 --> 00:32:13,000
So we're going to stretch some skin over one of these heads and start hitting that with broken bottles.

543
00:32:13,000 --> 00:32:14,000
Yeah.

544
00:32:15,000 --> 00:32:16,000
Three.

545
00:32:16,000 --> 00:32:22,000
Down at the bomb range, the myth of the Irish all-leather cannon took a hiding.

546
00:32:22,000 --> 00:32:24,000
I just can't call that lethal.

547
00:32:24,000 --> 00:32:26,000
No, I mean that's pathetic.

548
00:32:27,000 --> 00:32:30,000
But our team of tanners aren't done yet.

549
00:32:30,000 --> 00:32:37,000
They've set themselves the challenge of building an effective, viable cannon from nothing but cow-high.

550
00:32:37,000 --> 00:32:39,000
You have to massage the leather.

551
00:32:39,000 --> 00:32:41,000
You make it very supple.

552
00:32:41,000 --> 00:32:42,000
It makes it better cannon.

553
00:32:42,000 --> 00:32:46,000
So just like everything else on this cannon, we're beefing it up, so to speak.

554
00:32:46,000 --> 00:32:51,000
This is our super breech plug, made out of 42 layers of leather.

555
00:32:51,000 --> 00:32:53,000
This is going to get rolled into the cannon.

556
00:32:53,000 --> 00:32:59,000
The charge goes here, cannonball goes here, and when we set it off, hopefully it goes like, baboom.

557
00:32:59,000 --> 00:33:01,000
And not like, baboing.

558
00:33:03,000 --> 00:33:05,000
Now I'm working on the breech section.

559
00:33:05,000 --> 00:33:09,000
What I have done is take the same cow-high, cut it down to two-inch wide strips.

560
00:33:09,000 --> 00:33:15,000
I'm putting on the contact cement on both sides, and then I'm laying those strips length-wise around the back end of the cannon.

561
00:33:15,000 --> 00:33:18,000
This is going to strengthen up our breech area.

562
00:33:18,000 --> 00:33:24,000
So that way it is strong enough to withstand the explosion of black powder in order to get our cannonball to launch.

563
00:33:24,000 --> 00:33:26,000
It's like whack-a-mole, isn't it?

564
00:33:26,000 --> 00:33:28,000
Get your frustrations out on this thing, right?

565
00:33:29,000 --> 00:33:37,000
With the back end sufficiently built up, glued, and beaten into submission, the team is optimistic about their chances of success.

566
00:33:37,000 --> 00:33:41,000
This is the blast chamber. We're talking about a 12-inch diameter.

567
00:33:41,000 --> 00:33:47,000
Not only that, but the breech has been reinforced with so many straps that we have about that much holding up the back end.

568
00:33:47,000 --> 00:33:53,000
I think there might be a possibility that we've made ourselves a working leather cannon.

569
00:33:53,000 --> 00:33:56,000
Now, I have a few finishing touches.

570
00:33:56,000 --> 00:33:59,000
Just, you know, give it a little bit of beauty.

571
00:33:59,000 --> 00:34:06,000
So under a veil of secrecy, our material girl applies her fashionable finishing touches.

572
00:34:07,000 --> 00:34:11,000
Then it's back down to the bomb range. Drum roll, please.

573
00:34:13,000 --> 00:34:14,000
For the big reveal.

574
00:34:14,000 --> 00:34:18,000
I was getting bored with the plain old leather cannon since we did so many.

575
00:34:18,000 --> 00:34:19,000
I thought, why not?

576
00:34:21,000 --> 00:34:22,000
Jazz it up a little bit.

577
00:34:22,000 --> 00:34:23,000
It's a designer cannon.

578
00:34:23,000 --> 00:34:24,000
Wow.

579
00:34:24,000 --> 00:34:25,000
That's crazy.

580
00:34:25,000 --> 00:34:28,000
That is funny. You just pimp this cannon out.

581
00:34:28,000 --> 00:34:30,000
It's worth much more now.

582
00:34:30,000 --> 00:34:32,000
Look at the little Charvin front.

583
00:34:32,000 --> 00:34:33,000
What is that?

584
00:34:33,000 --> 00:34:35,000
Will this fit in your carry-on?

585
00:34:35,000 --> 00:34:39,000
You're only allowed to pull the trigger while wearing big glasses.

586
00:34:39,000 --> 00:34:42,000
It looks the business, but Cannon packed the punch.

587
00:34:42,000 --> 00:34:45,000
A six ounce black powder punch.

588
00:34:45,000 --> 00:34:49,000
What I have here is black powder, and this is what we're going to use to launch our cannonball.

589
00:34:49,000 --> 00:34:54,000
Now, one gram of black powder, when ignited, will expand to three liters of gas.

590
00:34:54,000 --> 00:34:56,000
This is six ounces.

591
00:34:56,000 --> 00:35:00,000
When we ignite this, it's going to expand to three 55 gallon drums of gas.

592
00:35:00,000 --> 00:35:06,000
That is a lot of energy, and that is what's going to fire our ball out of our cannon, or blow our cannon up.

593
00:35:06,000 --> 00:35:08,000
Either way, it's going to be cool.

594
00:35:08,000 --> 00:35:14,000
Next, violence of the hams may be over, but Jamie puts the lotion on the skin.

595
00:35:14,000 --> 00:35:16,000
And finally,

596
00:35:16,000 --> 00:35:19,000
Here he's disguised our cannon as a purse.

597
00:35:19,000 --> 00:35:21,000
Will the luggage leather be lethal?

598
00:35:21,000 --> 00:35:23,000
Let's see what we've got.

599
00:35:51,000 --> 00:35:54,000
Last skin, we're going to get cut.

600
00:35:54,000 --> 00:35:59,000
If I'm going to be testing what happens to someone's scalp when they're hit over the head with a bottle,

601
00:35:59,000 --> 00:36:01,000
I need a suitable scalp analog.

602
00:36:01,000 --> 00:36:08,000
And to find it, Dr. Frankenheim Numen figures out some scalp attributes he wants to emulate.

603
00:36:08,000 --> 00:36:11,000
I figure I'm moving it around a half of an inch.

604
00:36:11,000 --> 00:36:13,000
Seems to be about right.

605
00:36:13,000 --> 00:36:16,000
That's moving about the same as the skin over my skull.

606
00:36:16,000 --> 00:36:18,000
That's perfect.

607
00:36:19,000 --> 00:36:23,000
Poked through it, 2.43 pounds.

608
00:36:23,000 --> 00:36:24,000
Nice.

609
00:36:24,000 --> 00:36:28,000
Thickness, 0.025.

610
00:36:28,000 --> 00:36:31,000
This is very sort of fibrous.

611
00:36:31,000 --> 00:36:35,000
Next, he finds the artificial materials with those physical attributes.

612
00:36:35,000 --> 00:36:38,000
It pulls about the same amount.

613
00:36:38,000 --> 00:36:40,000
This appears to be vinyl.

614
00:36:40,000 --> 00:36:45,000
That's starting to feel like the skin that we all know and love.

615
00:36:45,000 --> 00:36:52,000
With a vinyl epidermis, absorbent, subcutaneous layer, and of course, blood.

616
00:36:52,000 --> 00:36:54,000
Lots of blood.

617
00:36:54,000 --> 00:37:00,000
It all comes together in a disturbingly accurate analog of human skin.

618
00:37:00,000 --> 00:37:06,000
The epidermis goes on it like so, and when I cut it with any luck, it's going to bleed.

619
00:37:06,000 --> 00:37:08,000
And with that...

620
00:37:10,000 --> 00:37:11,000
There you go.

621
00:37:11,000 --> 00:37:16,000
Our fake skinned meathead is ready to take one for the team.

622
00:37:18,000 --> 00:37:19,000
You feel it with blood?

623
00:37:19,000 --> 00:37:20,000
I did.

624
00:37:20,000 --> 00:37:22,000
Alright, let's get this smashing.

625
00:37:24,000 --> 00:37:26,000
Let the lacerations begin.

626
00:37:26,000 --> 00:37:28,000
Laceration test with a full beer bottle.

627
00:37:28,000 --> 00:37:30,000
Three, two, one.

628
00:37:34,000 --> 00:37:35,000
That is nasty.

629
00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:36,000
One.

630
00:37:41,000 --> 00:37:46,000
Oh, oh, there's definitely some cuts there.

631
00:37:46,000 --> 00:37:49,000
Oh, it bleeds. Nasty.

632
00:37:49,000 --> 00:37:50,000
Nasty.

633
00:37:50,000 --> 00:37:57,000
And if it was needed, a further graphic illustration of how dangerous it is to use a bottle as a weapon.

634
00:37:57,000 --> 00:38:05,000
Just put that there, and we'll put the other one there, and we know that that's our full bottle, and we'll compare it to the empty one.

635
00:38:05,000 --> 00:38:06,000
Okay.

636
00:38:06,000 --> 00:38:08,000
Okay, here we go.

637
00:38:08,000 --> 00:38:13,000
Laceration test, empty beer bottle into our meat buster.

638
00:38:14,000 --> 00:38:16,000
Three, two, one.

639
00:38:19,000 --> 00:38:26,000
A successful smash, and as with the full bottle, it's immediately obvious damage was done.

640
00:38:26,000 --> 00:38:27,000
I like my fake skin.

641
00:38:27,000 --> 00:38:29,000
It's a nice fake skin.

642
00:38:29,000 --> 00:38:36,000
And an up close comparison sees very little difference in the damage to that skin between the two tests.

643
00:38:36,000 --> 00:38:39,000
I don't know about you, but I look at these and they look pretty much equivalent to me.

644
00:38:39,000 --> 00:38:42,000
Yeah, give or take a nick or two, it's the same.

645
00:38:42,000 --> 00:38:43,000
Yeah.

646
00:38:45,000 --> 00:38:48,000
I thought the full bottle was going to be much worse.

647
00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:50,000
It's all about the glass in this case, I think.

648
00:38:50,000 --> 00:38:54,000
Yeah, same amount of glass, I guess, same amount of cuts.

649
00:38:54,000 --> 00:38:55,000
Yep.

650
00:38:56,000 --> 00:39:02,000
The original myth is that having an empty bottle broken over your head is worse for you than having a full bottle broken over your head.

651
00:39:02,000 --> 00:39:06,000
Well, from our testing, from the standpoint of your brains, it's not true.

652
00:39:06,000 --> 00:39:09,000
You'll get a much worse concussion from a full bottle than an empty one.

653
00:39:09,000 --> 00:39:13,000
And also from our testing, on bones, the full bottle is also worse.

654
00:39:13,000 --> 00:39:16,000
It's much more likely to cause a skull fracture than an empty bottle.

655
00:39:16,000 --> 00:39:22,000
Now, with the skin laceration test, actually for the first time, they're about even.

656
00:39:22,000 --> 00:39:26,000
But that still doesn't make the statement that the empty bottle is worse, it's supportable.

657
00:39:26,000 --> 00:39:28,000
So, it's still not looking very good.

658
00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:31,000
In fact, I'd almost say it's busted.

659
00:39:31,000 --> 00:39:39,000
Okay, the myth that it's worse to have an empty bottle broken over your head than a full bottle, let's recap where we stand from the standpoint of your brains.

660
00:39:39,000 --> 00:39:40,000
It's busted.

661
00:39:40,000 --> 00:39:42,000
From the standpoint of your skull bone.

662
00:39:42,000 --> 00:39:43,000
Also busted.

663
00:39:43,000 --> 00:39:45,000
From the standpoint of your skin.

664
00:39:45,000 --> 00:39:46,000
No difference.

665
00:39:46,000 --> 00:39:47,000
Well, you know where that leaves us, myth.

666
00:39:47,000 --> 00:39:48,000
Busted.

667
00:39:48,000 --> 00:39:49,000
Totally busted.

668
00:39:52,000 --> 00:40:09,000
Cary, Granted Tory are about to find out if leather can be a lethal cannon.

669
00:40:09,000 --> 00:40:14,000
This is our target, we have a barrier of milk backed by a triangulation of three water barrels.

670
00:40:14,000 --> 00:40:15,000
Why milk?

671
00:40:15,000 --> 00:40:19,000
Well, because it's going to look really cool on high speed when our cannonball crashes into it.

672
00:40:19,000 --> 00:40:26,000
And speaking of high speed, with the aid of the high speed and this scale here, we're going to be able to catch the velocity of the ball and see if it matches our parrot gun.

673
00:40:26,000 --> 00:40:34,000
And finally, here we have our designer inspired ultimate, completely reinforced 100% genuine leather cannon.

674
00:40:34,000 --> 00:40:39,000
If only the Irish had something this stylish at the Siege of Balli Nali Castle.

675
00:40:39,000 --> 00:40:44,000
Well, who knows if the cannon would have exploded, but at least they'd be fighting in style.

676
00:40:44,000 --> 00:40:45,000
You in?

677
00:40:45,000 --> 00:40:46,000
Yep.

678
00:40:46,000 --> 00:40:47,000
That's it.

679
00:40:47,000 --> 00:40:48,000
Okay.

680
00:40:48,000 --> 00:40:49,000
Let's do it.

681
00:40:49,000 --> 00:40:53,000
I think we have a very good chance, 80% at least.

682
00:40:53,000 --> 00:40:56,000
The other 20% is it explodes.

683
00:40:56,000 --> 00:41:01,000
So it's time to find out if the bling leather cannon can.

684
00:41:01,000 --> 00:41:03,000
Here we go.

685
00:41:03,000 --> 00:41:05,000
Designer inspired cannon.

686
00:41:05,000 --> 00:41:12,000
Three, two, one.

687
00:41:12,000 --> 00:41:14,000
Woo!

688
00:41:14,000 --> 00:41:15,000
It worked!

689
00:41:15,000 --> 00:41:17,000
100% leather!

690
00:41:17,000 --> 00:41:18,000
We just put it in the can.

691
00:41:18,000 --> 00:41:19,000
It just blew up!

692
00:41:19,000 --> 00:41:21,000
We did it!

693
00:41:21,000 --> 00:41:23,000
We made a leather cannon!

694
00:41:27,000 --> 00:41:29,000
The reaction says it all.

695
00:41:29,000 --> 00:41:32,000
We made a leather cannon and it worked!

696
00:41:32,000 --> 00:41:36,000
From back behind the blast shields, the test looks to be a success.

697
00:41:36,000 --> 00:41:41,000
But up close, the evidence begins to contradict their initial reaction.

698
00:41:41,000 --> 00:41:43,000
Punch through the carton, no problem.

699
00:41:43,000 --> 00:41:44,000
Here.

700
00:41:44,000 --> 00:41:45,000
Hey!

701
00:41:47,000 --> 00:41:52,000
Unlike the parrot rifle, which easily punched through two water barrels, the leather cannon

702
00:41:52,000 --> 00:41:55,000
only just pierced the milk carton.

703
00:41:55,000 --> 00:41:58,000
You're definitely going to give somebody a bruise with that.

704
00:42:00,000 --> 00:42:04,000
A lethality assessment that's backed up by the numbers from the high speed.

705
00:42:04,000 --> 00:42:11,000
So, I've got 77 feet per second, which is 52.5 miles per hour.

706
00:42:11,000 --> 00:42:13,000
Wow!

707
00:42:13,000 --> 00:42:15,000
That's kind of fast.

708
00:42:15,000 --> 00:42:20,000
Yeah, you could drive faster than that cannonball came out of the cannon.

709
00:42:20,000 --> 00:42:23,000
Yeah, but look, it was entirely made out of leather.

710
00:42:23,000 --> 00:42:24,000
That's awesome.

711
00:42:24,000 --> 00:42:25,000
That is awesome.

712
00:42:25,000 --> 00:42:27,000
I mean, that would definitely hurt.

713
00:42:27,000 --> 00:42:28,000
Give you a lump.

714
00:42:29,000 --> 00:42:36,000
And the less than lethal muzzle velocity was caused by what is the final nail in the leather cannon coffin.

715
00:42:36,000 --> 00:42:41,000
The delabination of the barrel and deformation of the combustion chamber.

716
00:42:41,000 --> 00:42:44,000
And that can only mean one thing.

717
00:42:44,000 --> 00:42:51,000
It looked like it was going to be plausible for a second there, but if you can only get one shot out of it, I think this one's busted.

718
00:42:51,000 --> 00:42:52,000
Busted.

719
00:42:52,000 --> 00:42:54,000
Man, what a way to go out.

720
00:42:54,000 --> 00:42:55,000
That's looking cool.

721
00:42:55,000 --> 00:42:58,000
At least we got one good shot out of it.

722
00:43:06,000 --> 00:43:07,000
Leather.

723
00:43:07,000 --> 00:43:10,000
It's good for fashion, not good for artillery.

724
00:43:15,000 --> 00:43:16,000
You want more?

725
00:43:16,000 --> 00:43:17,000
We've got more.

726
00:43:17,000 --> 00:43:22,000
Log on to Discovery.com slash Mythbusters and jump in!